Should couples sign a Pupnup? Expert comments on what it is and offers advice

In 2024 51% of the UK population owned a pet, which translates to approximately 14.2 million pet-owning households in the UK. And since in 2023 alone, 28,500 out of 111,000 divorce cases (approximately 25.7%) involved disputes over pet custody, 2025 could bring approximately 28.3% of pet custody disputes. Based on current trends, this would amount to roughly 31,400 pet custody disputes for 2025.

Therefore, expert Joanna Smykowski, from Custody X Change (https://www.custodyxchange.com/) explains what makes pet custody complicated, and how to mitigate the stress these legal disputes can create. 

What makes pet custody battles challenging:

Many factors make pet custody battles a hassle, as it involves arguing with a significant other, which can be very stressful and emotionally challenging. It’s important to identify where this stress can come from:

1. Logistical and Emotional Stress for the Pet Owner: Coordinating visits isn’t always easy especially with a busy schedule or long distances. It’s also evident that if you and your ex aren’t on good terms, visits can be uncomfortable or unpleasant, taking joy away from the connection with your pet. Moreover, breakups can intensify previous disagreements about the pet’s care (e.g., feeding, grooming, vet visits) and these can add extra tensions. 
2. Financial Considerations: Splitting costs for your pet’s care (either medical bills or boarding or both), may be strenuous. For that reason, it’s good that you approach the conversation about sharing expenses with an open mindset and strive for fairness.
3. Stress for the Pet: Pets don’t have the same emotional attachment as humans and may not need constant contact with both owners. However, moving pets between homes can disrupt their routine, causing confusion or behavioral issues. 

Besides these challenges, not deciding a pet’s legal standing prior to owning it is a big mistake. For that reason, pet custody agreements are ideal. So I recommend drafting the pet’s characteristics (age, appearance, name, sex, etc) in a legal document, and proceeding to write a prenut agreement prior to marriage or, for couples who are going through a breakup, you can sign a pet custody agreement to end litigation over that issue alone. If needed, opt for a mediator to solve matters more peacefully.

3 Ways to Minimise Stress for Everyone:

If sharing custody is a viable option, still do consider the following ways to reduce stress for both pets and people involved:

1. Avoid Arguments: It is no secret that pets can sense anger and stress. Body language is more easily identifiable for them, so keep your tone calm and avoid fights, as your pet isn’t responsible for the situation, but can suffer indirectly from it
2. Limit Exchanges: Try to keep exchanges infrequent (e.g., every month) to give the pet time to adjust and settle in one home. We know this is difficult to ask, but it’s part of helping the pet acclimatise to their new environment properly.
3. Stay Organised: Work out a clear custody schedule. If you already have a child custody plan, using a similar one for your pet can simplify the process.  

“It is evident that pet custody disputes, whilst emotionally charged, are less complex than child custody cases, as pets are legally considered property. However, their unique role as family members requires thoughtful solutions that take care of our feelings and look after their longterm wellbeing. Drafting a pet custody agreement (whether prenuptial or post-separation) can clarify responsibilities, reduce conflict, and, most importantly, ensure the pet’s well-being is prioritised. On the other hand, mediation is a practical tool for amicable resolutions, but not mandatory. What is essential is to establish a clear custody schedule that minimises stress for both owners and pets. Overall, approaching these situations with empathy and organization, pet owners will smoothen the process of pet custody.” Joanna Smykowski